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Perm University Herald. Juridical Sciences. 2022. Issue 2 (56) |
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| Title: | THE DOCTRINE OF DE FACTO PARENTHOOD IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN FAMILY LAW |
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| Authors: |
E. G. Komissarova, Perm State University |
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| ORCID: | 0000-0003-4257-5673 |
ResearcherID: | Е-9302-2016 |
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| Articles of «Scopus» & «Web of Science»: | DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.15.9.11540 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.24.01.13177 DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2015-2-61-70Е DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2018-42-644-663 DOI: 10.17072/19954190-2019-46-672-697 DOI: 10.17323/2072-8166.2021.1.130.153 DOI: 10.24031/2226-0781-2021-11-3-236-258 |
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| Requisites: | Komissarova E. G. Doktrina neposredstvennogo (fakticheskogo) roditel'stva v rossiyskom i zarubezhnom semeynom prave [The Doctrine of de facto Parenthood in Russian and Foreign Family Law]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Juridicheskie nauki – Perm University Herald. Juridical Sciences. 2022. Issue 56. Pp. 208–238. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-208-238 |
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| DOI: | 10.17072/1995-4190-2022-56-208-238 |
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| Annotation: |
Introduction: there is no integral theoretical concept of parenthood in law, and the question of a possible positive differentiation of this type of status is not discussed. Some aspects of parental theory are sporadically covered in the literature, but, not being embedded in the general concept of parenthood, they only remain individual judgements. The current situation in Russia can be characterized by high rates of socio-cultural dynamics that entail changes in the forms of family; the intervention of jurisprudence in the established systems of origin of children, Russia’s leading position in the world by the number of divorces. In this context, the legal problems of parenthood are gaining new points of academic interest, going beyond the known formulations of parental rights and responsibilities. Purpose: using interdisciplinary knowledge from sociology, anthropology, and psychology, to substantiate theoretical and methodological guidelines significant for the creation of the theory of parenthood in law; to investigate the concept of de facto parenthood as a type that is not based on biological and legal prerequisites; to clarify the relationship of the terms kinship, origin, parenthood, bringing up, used to describe this subject area; to formulate theoretical arguments in favor of referring de facto parenthood to social parenthood. Methods: the method of comparative law study; the inductive method; the method of analysis; the method of legal dogmatics; the phenomenological method; the general scientific method of dialectics. Results: the Russian legislator’s attitude to the phenomenon behind the legal concept of ‘de facto raising of a child’ is hopelessly outdated. The strong trace of socialist ideology does not allow one to see the fact that the theory of de facto parenthood carries a much greater social and legal resource than is traditionally assumed. With its subsequent development, it may well be involved in scientific discourse as an adaptive one, making it possible to offer the legislator some tools for introduction of the facts of social parenthood into the legal space. Conclusions: following the ideal of a small nuclear family as a fundamental normative image enshrined in the legislations of the absolute majority of countries, does not exclude a selective normative response to cases of de facto parenthood claiming to be social parenthood. The analysis of the legislations of different countries have identified three types of legislative strategies in the regulation of such parenthood: radical (USA), liberal-conservative (England), conservative (Western European countries). The concepts of de facto parenthood that exist in different countries are neither uniform nor unambiguous. Russian jurisprudence is not yet ready to take into account new social and medical events that act as catalysts for the creation of a full-scale theory of parenthood in law. One of the conditions for its creation is the acceptance of parenthood in law not only as the threshold phenomenon beyond which parental rights and obligations arise but also as a dynamic phenomenon undergoing diverse modifications concerning the existence of a family and raising children. |
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| Keywords: | kinship; child’s origin; marital presumption; nuclear family; biological kinship; genetic grounds of parenthood; social parenthood; legal parenthood; parental presumptions; marital breakdown; rights and obligations of parents; rebuilt families; stepfather’s parenthood; step-parenting; foster parenting |
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THE DOCTRINE OF DE FACTO PARENTHOOD IN RUSSIAN
AND FOREIGN FAMILY LAW
The Perm State University
614068, Perm, street Bukireva, 15 (Faculty of Law), +7 (342) 2 396 275
vesturn@yandex.ru
ISSN 1995-4190 ISSN (eng.) 2618-8104
ISSN (online) 2658-7106
DOI 10.17072/1995-4190
614068, Perm, street Bukireva, 15 (Faculty of Law), +7 (342) 2 396 275
vesturn@yandex.ru
ISSN 1995-4190 ISSN (eng.) 2618-8104
ISSN (online) 2658-7106
DOI 10.17072/1995-4190
(с) Editorial board, 2010
The magazine is registered in Federal Agency of supervision in sphere of communication and mass communications.
The certificate on registration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-33087 from September, 5th, 2008
The certificate on reregistration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-53189 from Marth, 14th, 2013
The magazine is included in List ВАК and in the Russian index of scientific citing
The founder & Publisher: the State educational institution of the higher training
“The Perm State University”.
Publishing 4 times a year
The certificate on registration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-33087 from September, 5th, 2008
The certificate on reregistration of mass media ПИ № ФС77-53189 from Marth, 14th, 2013
The magazine is included in List ВАК and in the Russian index of scientific citing
The founder & Publisher: the State educational institution of the higher training
“The Perm State University”.
Publishing 4 times a year